Internet
Different people approach the concept of the internet with different mind – sets; to some people it is just a collection of the various networks, according to some it is a collection of the servers connected with the help of some of the common protocols – but a huge fact is that the INTERNET has developed as an electronic medium at the world stage. It is actually the global connection between the computers, with the help of which the individuals can send e – mail, make travel bookings, order books and lots more.

It is actually the ‘Super – Highway’ of the information in the world and is generally referred to as the ‘networks of the networks’

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The networks in today’s world have actually become a routine and these networks have come into this information technology world as a result of the massive development that has taken place in the field of the science of the computer and also the telecommunications and the connectivity. The way the business was done about two decades back and the way the business is being done today – has been influenced by a great number of the changes. In the past the business first was done on a manual level but as the time passed the business and the different ways of carrying out the business were greatly affected by the computers and also the telephone facilities. The ways have also been influenced a lot by the industrial revolution and as well as the various developments that have taken place in the automobiles sector.
Now the businesses are carried under the supervision of the very powerful micro – processors and the telecommunication networks which enable the companies to carry out the activities at a great pace and also in a very efficient manner.

Computer Networking can be defined as the process which has the responsibility of providing the connection between the two or more computers – which ultimately helps the various users to communicate with each other and also share the hardware or the software resources and also not to get constricted by the stand – alone systems.

Computer Network, according to the Information Technology Act 2002, refers to the “inter – connection of one or more computers with the help of the use of the satellite, microwave, terrestrial line or the communication media and the terminals or a complex, which consists of the two or more inter – connected computers, whether or not the inter – connection is continuously maintained.”

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Data Transmission
Transmission of the data is very much important in the services related to the data communication and the information technology as this technique makes use of the data processed in the order to forward the same to the end user.
The communication of the data mainly involves the processing of the data as well as the transmission of the data and for the communication of the data, following devices play a very critical role and these devices should work in a very efficient manner.

1. Transmitter
2. Converter at the transmitting end.
3. Transmission channel.
4. Converter at the receiving end.
5. Receiver.

Transmission signals –
The telecommunication systems help in the transmission of the data and this data is then transmitted in the form of the electromagnetic signals.

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Data Processing Methods

1. Batch processing system –
a. Until the early 1960’s, this was the only method used for the processing of the data.
b. But is still used in certain methods involving the massive volumes of the periodic transactions.
c. Involves the storage of the information in a group or a batch till such a time when it is efficient or necessary to process them.
d. Very efficient for the preparation and processing of the transactions, when they are processed against the sequential file.
e. The various transactions are accumulated in a transaction file.
f. This transaction file is periodically used for the up – gradation of the master file, which consists of the permanent information on the different entities.
g. Very useful for the enhancement of the control of the transaction processing.
h. One major drawback of this type of the system is the delay in the detection and the correction of the different errors.

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Data communication can be defined as the transfer of the information from one individual to another. With the help of the data communication, one is able to reach others with the help of the transmission of the ideas, facts, thoughts, feelings, attitudes and the values. But it is very much important to understand one point here, which says that there is a lot of difference between the data communication and the communication. The main difference between these two is that the data communication is very much specific in the accordance to the computer – based management information system. Data communication consists of the following –

1. Data processing – In the information system, data acts as the back – bone and helps in keeping the various components of the information system glued to each other. Data is actually in unstructured form consisting of the data in the complete isolation in order to be used as the raw material of or for the information system.
Data can be easily expressed in the form of the numerals and can also be expressed in alphabetic, alpha – numeric, images, special characters, symbols etc.

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